Judith describes the overcrowded housing conditions in the Hongkew ghetto in Shanghai, China, and discusses the general lack of privacy.

Echoes and Reflections, a professional teacher development program on the Holocaust, has now expanded to Alaska. In April, middle and high school educators from across the state journeyed to Kodiak High School on Kodiak Island to participate. In addition to those attending in person, others in remote locations joined via video conferencing.

Henny talks about Kanoh Ghoya, a Japanese official responsible for issuing monthly passes to inhabitants of the Hongkew ghetto in Shanghai, China. She notes that, aware of Goya's poor treatment of Jews, her parents decided to cease their attempts of leaving the ghetto.

Berthold Katz talks about Kanoh Ghoya, a Japanese official responsible for giving monthly passes to Jews who were living in the Hongkew ghetto in Shanghai, China, and remembers his brutal treatment of the ghetto inhabitants.

Hans describes his encounters with a Japanese ghetto official, Kanoh Ghoya, while he was confined in the Hongkew ghetto in Shanghai, China, during the war. He speaks of Ghoya's brutal treatment.

Eva discusses a ghetto pass policy enforced in the Hongkew ghetto in Shanghai, China, during the war. Eva explains that she had to pass the ghetto checkpoint on a daily basis, as the school she attended was located outside of her living district. She talks about the impact from her encounters with Kanoh Ghoya, a Japanese official who was in charge of issuing the ghetto passes.

Hildegard recalls her trip from Shanghai, China to San Francisco, CA, on the board of the U.S. Army transporter “Marine  Adder,” in August 1947.  She explains that the trip was sponsored by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC).

Hildegard talks about her arrival in San Francisco, CA in September 1947, after having spent the war years in Shanghai, China.  Hildegard describes the joy she felt when her ship reached the shore of the United States.

Miriam discusses her family's preparations to leave China after liberation and explains the U.S. immigration policies established for refugees. She remembers her trip to San Francisco, CA, on the board of the "USS General W. H. Gordon" troop ship in June 1947.

Erich speaks of his mother's immigration preparations to leave Shanghai after liberation. He talks about postwar refugee emigration from China and discusses the immigration routes. He  recalls his trip to the United States in January 1947.

Lilli reflects on the hardships of her life in the wartime Shanghai, China, and discusses the coping mechanism she had developed as a refugee, learning to live one day at a time.

Miriam explains that the Jewish refugees living in Shanghai, China, had no intention to stay there once the war ended, and that helped them to retain hope in surviving the war.

Eva talks about the impact her experience of living as a Jewish refugee in China had on her childhood. Despite the hardships she had endured, she expresses her gratitude toward China for having provided a place of refuge to her and her family during the Holocaust.