Encounters with Discrimination
A series of clips from survivors speaking about their experiences with personal as well as institutional forms of discrimination. These clips include testimonies from the European Holocaust, the Armenian Genocide, and the Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda collections.
Kizito Kalima on the dangers of prejudice
Kizito Kalima, a survivor of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, recalls the negative effects of labeling in the classroom before the genocide.
Kizito Kalima on the dangers of prejudice
Language: English
Kizito Kalima, a survivor of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, recalls the negative effects of labeling in the classroom before the genocide.
Charlotte Manaster on Returning Home
Language: English
Charlotte Manaster reflects on returning to her home in Vienna after being liberated. Charlotte recalls asking her old friend, Greta, why she participated in anti-Jewish actions including throwing rocks into Charlotte’s family home during Kristallnacht.
Ruth Brand on Jewish Persecution Bystander Response
Language: English
Ruth Brand remembers how the non-Jewish people in her neighborhood taunted her family while they were being forced out of their home in Romania. She also describes how members of her family tried to reclaim their property after the war.
David Faber recalls childhood anti-Semitism
Language: English
David Faber recalls the anti-Semitism he experienced as a child in pre-WWII Poland. He describes numerous instances where he was abused physically and emotionally by non-Jewish children on his way to and from school.
Michael Banhidi on racial discrimination
Language: English
Michael Banhidi recalls how anti-Semitism and racial discrimination spread throughout his neighborhood in Hungary.
Floyd Dade on Civil Rights in America
Language: English
Floyd Dade explains the racial segregation of battalions during World War II. He also describes his relations with white soldiers on the battlefield.
Eva Bergmann on anti-Jewish Employment Exclusion
Language: English
Eva Bergmann remembers when she was forced to leave her job at a public kindergarten school in Berlin because of Nazi enforced anti-Jewish restrictions. Eva also reflects that her gentile friends remained loyal and friendly to her even after she was labeled as “non-Aryan.”
Agnes Adachi on the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games
Language: English
Agnes Adachi remembers attending the Olympic Games in Berlin 1936; and describes what it was like to watch Jesse Owens compete and win the gold medal. She recalls that the anti-Jewish restrictions and propaganda had been eased at the time because of the international presence in Germany.
Hugo Beckerman on the atmosphere in Berlin before the start of the 1936 Olympics
Language: English
In preparation for the start of the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, the Nazis in power decided to minimize the presence of anti-Semitism in the city. Hugo Beckerman recalls how he was able to identify the Jewish businesses that were still allowed to run at that time.
Ernest Uiberall on the Reichstag Fire
Language: English
Ernest Uiberall remembers hearing about the burning of the German parliament (Reichstag) building on February 27 1933. Uiberall also reflects on how the Austrian newspapers reported on the rise of Hitler and the Nazi party.
George Weiss
Language: English
George Weiss was seven years old when the Germans invaded his home country of Belgium. He reflects on the shame he felt when he was forced to wear the yellow star of David to school.
Margaret Lambert on the 1936 Berlin Olympics
Language: English
Margaret Lambert recalls her experience as an athlete on the Olympic team in Nazi Germany in 1936. Lambert's testimony is featured in the IWitness Activity, 1936 Olympics: Race, Politics & Civil Rights.
Erno Abelesz on the German occupation of Hungary
Language: English
Erno Abelesz remembers when German forces occupied his home country of Hungary on March 19, 1944.
Walter Absil
Language: English
Walter Absil reflects on living in Vienna, Austria during the rise of Hitler and the Nazi party in the 1930’s. He also recalls on returning back to Vienna to retrieve his belongings from his family home after the war.
Judy Lysy Remembers Jewish Restrictions
Language: English
Judy Lysy speaks how Jewish restrictions and antisemitism increased in her hometown in then Czechoslovakia.
Georgette Banks Remembers Arrests in France
Language: English
Georgette Banks describes when her father was arrested in Paris, France in 1941. She remembers begging the policeman not to take her father, who was later deported to the Drancy concentration camp.
Sam Kadorian on the Armenian Genocide
Language: English
Sam Kadorian speaks on being an eyewitness to the Armenian Genocide. Kadorian’s testimony is part of the new Armenian Genocide collection.
Betty Gerard on the Yellow Star
Language: English
Betty Gerard shows and describes the Yellow Star of David she was forced to wear as a child in the Westerbork concentration camp in the Netherlands.
Alphonse Kabalisa on anti-Tutsi propaganda
Language: Kinyarwanda
Alphonse Kabalisa recalls listening to anti-Tutsi propaganda on the radio with his father, after the death of Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana. Alphonse’s testimony is featured in the IWitness activity, Information Quest: The Genocide Against the Tutsi in Rwanda
Stefan Kosinski on his arrest by the Gestapo
Language: English
Stefan speaks of his arrest by the Gestapo in his place of birth, Torun, Poland. Stefan relates how he was interrogated, brutally beaten and subsequently imprisoned as a result of an intimate letter he wrote to an Austrian soldier in German uniform. View his entire testimony at http://vhaonline.usc.edu/login.aspx
Rose Burizihiza Remembers School anti-Tutsi Prejudice
Language: Kinyarwanda
Rose Burizhiza speaks on the discrimination she faced in school before the genocide began in Rwanda. Rose’s testimony is featured in the IWitness activity, Information Quest: The Genocide Against the Tutsi in Rwanda.
Judith Agular on living in Yellow Star House in Budapest
Language: English
Judith Agular describes anti-Jewish restrictions including being forced to live in a “Yellow-star House,” in Budapest, Hungary.
Emmanuel Muhinda on anti-Tutsi propaganda
Language: Kinyarwanda
Emmanuel Muhinda describes the persecution of Tutsi and anti-Tutsi propaganda he witnessed before the genocide started in April 1994. His testimony is featured in the IWitness activity, Information Quest: The Genocide Against the Tutsi in Rwanda.
Beatrice Becker recalls the Iasi Pogrom of June 29, 1941, in Romania
Language: English
Beatrice Becker speaks of the dangerous conditions facing the Jews of Iasi, Romania in late June 1941 when Romania entered the war as an ally of Germany. Days later, on Jun 29th, the Jews of Iasi were rounded up by Romanian and German military units. Beatrice heard screams and shooting coming from the direction of the main police headquarters. Beatrice and her parents were rounded up and were marched toward the police station’s courtyard, where German soldiers concentrated the Jews of Iasi. The family saw many corpses along the way. Beatrice and her mother were allowed to return home. Thousands of Jewish men were deported from Iasi by train and most died during deportation, including her father. Beatrice relates she soon learned that thousands of Jews had been executed or deported from the city during the Iasi Pogrom on June 29, 1941.
Violence: Masha Loen recalls witnessing the 1941 pogrom in Lithuania
Language: English
From July 25 to July 26, 1941, 3,800 Jews were killed during a pogrom by Lithuanians in Kaunas, Lithuania. As a child Masha Loen witnessed the pogrom in her hometown after her family tried to escape to Russia and were sent back to Kaunas by Russian soldiers.
Hank Schwab remembers his classmates
Language: English
Hank Schwab describes the structure of his primary and high school in Germany. He also reflects on the close relationships he formed with his Jewish and gentile classmates. Schwab and fellow survivors returned to Germany for the first time since WWII, for their 50th high school reunion.
Edmund Berger on the deportation of Jews from Croatia
Language: English
In August 1942 was the start of deportation of Jews from Croatia to concentration camps. Edmund Berger remembers when the Germans started to control the Croatian government and implemented restrictions against Jews and eventually the killings of young Jewish men.
Bellina Aronovich on anti-Semitism in Romania before Nazi occupation
Language: English
On August 8, 1940, before the Nazis entered Romania, the government started to restrict Romanian Jews from employment and education, which later turned into the Romanization of Jewish businesses. Bellina Aronovich remembers the anti-Semitism and violence against Jews had even started the year before, in 1939.
Rita Feder remembers the 1936 Olympics
Language: English
Rita Feder was a young girl during the 1936 Olympics in Berlin and remembers how desperately she wanted to attend the games but was unable to because she was Jewish. Feder recalls how dangerous it was for Jews during that time even though there was an international audience in Berlin.
Joseph Steiner on anti-Semitism in Hungary
Language: English
Joseph Steiner remembers when Nazi Germany invaded his home country, Hungary. He speaks on the anti-Semitism he experienced from neighbors, which he said was influenced by Nazi propaganda and hatred.
Marga Randall on the Nuremberg Laws
Language: English
Marga Randall describes how life changed for her family and the Jewish population in Germany following the implementation of the Nuremberg Laws on September 15, 1935.
Trudy Coppel on the Yellow Star
Language: English
Trudy Coppel describes how Jews were forced to wear the Yellow Star on their clothing in Nazi Germany. Trudy’s was considered Aryan, however her father was born Jewish and according to Nazi laws, Trudy and her brothers were Jewish and were forced to wear the Yellow Star beginning in September 1941.
Henry Laurant on experiencing antisemitism
Language: English
Henry Laurant remembers the first time he experienced antisemitism in Nazi Germany. He was targeted by other children who were influenced by Nazi rhetoric. His testimony is featured in the multimedia professional development program, Echoes and Reflections.
Gerda Haas on Jewish Restrictions
Language: English
In 1941 more anti- Jewish measures were implemented and intensified in Nazi Germany including ration cards, forbidding Jews to emigrate and deportations of Jews to ghettos and concentration camps. Gerda Haas was a nurse at a hospital in Berlin when her mother was deported to the Riga ghetto in Latvia in late 1941.
Elizabeth Bader on Education in Nazi controlled Germany
Language: English
Elizabeth Bader remembers her grade school in Nazi Germany and recalls her first teacher being relieved of his duties because he was too friendly with Jewish families. Elizabeth also reflects on how the Nazi’s ideologies were taught in the classroom.
Elena Nightingale on anti-Jewish measures
Language: English
Elena Nightingale speaks how life changed for her family in the late 1930’s when anti-Jewish laws were enforced in Italy. She describes how her father was forced out of his job and she felt like a second class citizen.
Tom Tugend on Kristallnacht
Language: English
In November 1938 a pogrom broke out throughout Germany and across the Sudetenland. Tom Tugend remembers hearing the mob and the breaking of glass outside his family’s home in Berlin during Kristallnacht, the “Night of Broken Glass.”
Norbert Bikales on Expulsion from German Schools
Language: English
Norbert Bikales remembers the day he was excluded from attending a non-Jewish German school in Berlin, Germany, shortly after the November Pogrom (Kristallnacht) in November 1938. He reflects on how this event changed his life.
Abbie Akst on Jewish Restrictions in Poland
Language: English
Abbie Akst remembers when the Nazis occupied his hometown in Poland in 1939. Abbie reflects on the restrictions imposed onto Polish Jews by the Nazis including wearing a yellow patch.
Esther Clifford remembers Kristallnacht
Language: English
Esther Clifford discusses events of the Kristallnacht pogrom, November 9-10, 1938 and recalls the state of fear that drove her to flee her hometown of Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Ellen Brandt on Jewish identity
Language: English
Ellen Brandt recalls the implementation of the Nuremberg Laws in Berlin and her participation in a Jewish youth movement BDJJ or Bund Deutsch-Jüdischer Jugend. She also reflects how the organization helped her connect with her Jewish identity.
Bertram Schaffner on helping gay soldiers during World War 2
Language: English
Dr. Bertram Schaffner, who served as a military psychiatrist during World War 2, recounts how he dealt with the military's anti-gay policy while evaluating draftees.